Free Essays on Cultural Sensitivity In Nursing

â€Å"Maori or Pakeha (White man/ European), it shouldn’t make any difference. Nurses care for patients regardless of culture.† Discuss this statement in reference to Leininger’s Tanscultural Theory of Nursing and the Cultural Safety Model. __________________________________ Introduction: When it comes to optimizing nursing care the above statement does not reflect Leininger’s Theory of Transcultural Care which emphasises that appropriate regard is given to the cultural differences existing between Maori and Pakeha. Neither does it reflect Ramsden’s ideas of cultural safety. To begin, let us consider Leininger’s Transcultural model. Transcultural nursing: Leininger is an American nursing theorist whose approach is from a dominant culture and is based upon an anthropological viewpoint. In American society, the cultural diversity is enormous. Her work is an attempt to increase nursing effectiveness within this multicultural environment, whilst at the same time recognising that the provision and source of medical care originates from the more dominant Western culture. Nurses are encouraged to become educated about a wide variety of cultural beliefs and sensitivities; and specifically, to identify those aspects that are relevant to the context of nursing care. Leininger has defined Transcultural Nursing as a major area of nursing that â€Å"focuses on a comparative study and analysis of different cultures and subcultures, with respect to their caring values, expression, health/illness beliefs and pattern of behaviour with the intention of being able to develop a scientific and humanistic knowledge base that provides culture specific and/or culture-universal nursing practice† (Alligood, 1998). One of the key aspects within the Theory of Transcultural Nursing is the idea of the nurse being an ‘Observer’ of other cultures and having a strong understanding of the various concepts of culture in relatio... Free Essays on Cultural Sensitivity In Nursing Free Essays on Cultural Sensitivity In Nursing â€Å"Maori or Pakeha (White man/ European), it shouldn’t make any difference. Nurses care for patients regardless of culture.† Discuss this statement in reference to Leininger’s Tanscultural Theory of Nursing and the Cultural Safety Model. __________________________________ Introduction: When it comes to optimizing nursing care the above statement does not reflect Leininger’s Theory of Transcultural Care which emphasises that appropriate regard is given to the cultural differences existing between Maori and Pakeha. Neither does it reflect Ramsden’s ideas of cultural safety. To begin, let us consider Leininger’s Transcultural model. Transcultural nursing: Leininger is an American nursing theorist whose approach is from a dominant culture and is based upon an anthropological viewpoint. In American society, the cultural diversity is enormous. Her work is an attempt to increase nursing effectiveness within this multicultural environment, whilst at the same time recognising that the provision and source of medical care originates from the more dominant Western culture. Nurses are encouraged to become educated about a wide variety of cultural beliefs and sensitivities; and specifically, to identify those aspects that are relevant to the context of nursing care. Leininger has defined Transcultural Nursing as a major area of nursing that â€Å"focuses on a comparative study and analysis of different cultures and subcultures, with respect to their caring values, expression, health/illness beliefs and pattern of behaviour with the intention of being able to develop a scientific and humanistic knowledge base that provides culture specific and/or culture-universal nursing practice† (Alligood, 1998). One of the key aspects within the Theory of Transcultural Nursing is the idea of the nurse being an ‘Observer’ of other cultures and having a strong understanding of the various concepts of culture in relatio...

Relative Error Definition (Science)

Relative Error Definition (Science) Relative error is a measure of the uncertainty of measurement compared to the size of the measurement. Its used to put error into perspective. For example, an error of 1 cm would be a lot if the total length is 15 cm, but insignificant if the length was 5 km. Relative error is also known as relative uncertainty or approximation error. Reasons for Relative Error Relative error compares a measurement to an exact value. The two reasons for this error are: Using an approximation instead of real data (e.g., 22/7 or 3.14 instead of pi or rounding 2/3 to 0.67)Imprecise measurement due to instrumentation (e.g., a ruler measuring to the nearest millimeter) Relative Error Versus Absolute Error Absolute error is another measure of uncertainty. The formulas for absolute and relative error are: EA | V - Vapprox | ER | 1 - (Vapprox / V) | Percent error is then: EP | (V - Vapprox) / V | x 100% Relative Error Example Three weights are measured at 5.05 g, 5.00 g, and 4.95 g. The absolute error is  ± 0.05 g.The relative error is 0.05 g/5.00 g 0.01 or 1%. Sources Golub, Gene; Charles F. Van Loan (1996). Matrix Computations – Third Edition. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 53. ISBN 0-8018-5413-X.Helfrick, Albert D. (2005) Modern Electronic Instrumentation and Measurement Techniques. p. 16. ISBN 81-297-0731-4